If you’ve noticed that your cat has been acting a little off in the recent past, skipping meals, appearing to be tired, or losing a bit of weight, it is easy to understand that it’s a normal behavior of cats. Nevertheless, in some cases, these minor symptoms may be a pointer to a more profound problem lurking under the surface, like liver infection.
Liver infections in cats are shocking to a great number of pet owners. In contrast to a runny nose or an upset stomach, liver infections are rather silent, and they usually remain unnoticed until your cat starts to show noticeably poor health. These cases are common among the vets, and all it takes is early detection.
Here, we’ll help you know the red flags, the causes, and treatment alternatives to feline liver infections. Knowing what is actually going on in the internal organs of your cat could save their lives.
What Is a Liver Infection in Cats?
One of the most significant organs in the body of a cat is the liver. It helps to filter toxins and aid in digestion by secreting bile, stores vital nutrients, and helps to support the immune system. Imagine that it is a detox center for your cat.
Once the liver is inflamed because of being infected, then the toxins start storing up, and the body starts not performing its functions well. This is what is mostly referred to as hepatitis in cats, or liver infection.
Defining Liver Infection
Liver disease is a condition that develops due to inflammation and damage of liver tissue by bacteria, viruses, or toxins.
There are two main forms:
- Acute liver infection: This develops abruptly and can be reversible due to timely treatment.
- Chronic hepatitis: It is lasting and may develop into liver disease or failure.
The infection can start in the liver or be transmitted by other body parts, including the intestines or pancreas.
Causes of Liver Infection in Cats
1. Bacterial Infections
The most common offenders include bacteria like E. coli, Salmonella, or Leptospira. They may enter the liver via the blood, or they may move out of the intestines. The cats that lick and drink contaminated water, as well as cats that feed on spoiled food, could be at risk.
2. Viral Infections
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) are some of the viruses that may lead to attacks on the liver. These viruses suppress the immune system, and thus the liver is prone to inflammation and damage.
3. Parasitic and Fungal Causes
External cats that hunt or scavenge are susceptible to parasites like Toxoplasma gondii or fungi like Histoplasma. These organisms have the capability of attacking the liver and causing hepatitis if they are not treated.
4. Toxins and Medications
A frequent but avoidable causative agent of liver infection is household toxins. Cleaning agents, pesticides, anti-freeze, and even some human drugs such as paracetamol may cause serious damage to the liver of your cat. Never administer any drugs to your cat without checking with a vet.
5. Poor Diet and Obesity
Fatty deposits in the liver due to a sudden change in diet or a long-standing obesity condition can result in a condition referred to as hepatic lipidosis. The overworking of the liver increases its susceptibility to infections.
6. Underlying Health Conditions
The liver can be infected by diseases that target other organs in the vicinity, e.g., the pancreas or intestines. Liver inflammation is also caused in some instances by diabetes or thyroid diseases.
Recognizing the Symptoms of Liver Infection in Cats
Liver infections are usually silent, and it is important to be aware of the initial symptoms.
Early Warning Signs
- Loss of appetite and loss of interest in food.
- Abnormal fatigability or fatigue.
- Vomiting or diarrhea
- Gradual weight loss
Advanced Symptoms
- Jaundice: Yellowish eyes, gums, or skin.
- Abdomen swollen: The abdomen is swollen because of the accumulation of fluid (ascites).
- Pale gums or tongue
- Behavioral changes: Being lost, confused, or overly hidden.
- Increased urination and thirst.
How Do Vets Diagnose Liver Infection in Cats?
Step 1: Clinical Examination
Detailed physical examination is an aid in detecting visible symptoms like jaundice, dehydration, or abdominal distension.
Step 2: Blood Tests
Bloodwork is essential. Liver stress or infection can be confirmed by the elevated levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) or bilirubin.
Step 3: Imaging and Scans
Ultrasound and X-rays offer a clear-cut view of the structure of the liver. Thus, it is possible to detect swelling, inflammation, and abnormalities.
Step 4: Biopsy or Fine Needle Aspiration
In complicated cases, a small tissue section is taken to be examined using a microscope. This assists in the determination of the exact cause, such as bacterial, viral, or toxin-based.
Step 5: Additional Diagnostic Tests
Urine and poop testing can show any secondary infections or organ involvement. Thus, form a complete picture of the health condition of your cat.
Treatment Options for Liver Infection in Cats
1. Medication and Antibiotics
In case it is caused by bacteria, then your vet will prescribe specific antibiotics. Treatment with an antiviral or antifungal agent could also be required, depending on the cause. Anti-inflammatory drugs aid in swelling and pain reduction. However, a vet should always monitor the dose and type.
2. Supportive Care and Hospitalization
Depending on their severity, cats with severe infections might require hospitalization where intravenous (IV) fluids are given, they should be fed, and they should be monitored closely. The treatments maintain hydration and aid in eliminating toxins in the blood.
3. Dietary Management
The diet is a significant factor in recovery. Prescription diets created to take care of liver health that are low in fat, high in digestible protein, and supplemented with vitamins are often recommended by vets. Small and frequent meals prevent overloading the liver and are known to provide constant nutrition.
4. Surgery or Advanced Treatments
Surgery could be necessary in uncommon instances when there are abscesses, tumors, or stones in the liver. At the Atlas Pet Hospital, we have high diagnostic instruments and surgical skills to deal with any liver complications, even with the most complex issues.
FAQs
- Is it possible to cure liver infections in cats?
Yes, under the condition that they are checked in time and treated accordingly, the majority of the cats recover completely. Nonetheless, long-term or severe infections can be treated lifelong.
- Does culturing a liver disease in cats resemble the liver infection?
Not exactly. Liver infection (hepatitis) leads to inflammation, whereas liver disease is a more general term that encompasses infections, fatty liver, and liver failure.
- What is the average time of recovery of cats infected with the liver?
The time of recovery is between several months and a few weeks, depending on the cause and severity. Follow-ups with the vets are necessary in recovery.
- What should be the best food for cats with liver problems?
A specialized liver-support diet usually recommended by the veterinarians is low-fat and high in digestible protein but contains high amounts of antioxidants and vitamins.
- Can cats infect each other with liver infections?
The majority of liver infections are non-contagious. Nevertheless, viral diseases such as FeLV may be transmitted among cats. Therefore, it is always recommended to isolate an ill cat until the veterinarian clears him or her.
Early Action Can Save Lives
Cats with liver infections can be a nightmare, yet with early intervention, the majority of the cats can recover completely. The trick is being aware, knowing the signs, doing it in time, and having qualified veterinarians take you through the process.
In case your cat has been behaving unusually or exhibiting any of the symptoms listed, then you should not wait.
Book your appointment with Atlas Pet Hospital and receive caring treatment with a high level of veterinary skills. Your cat should have a healthy and happy life, which we will be helping you to achieve.
Recent Comments